Effect of Tranexamic acid (TEA) on Blood Loss in Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA)

Abstract

Surgical trauma and pneumatic tourniquet in orthopedic procedures are reported to enhance local fibrinolysis. However, the use of short-term antifibrinolytic therapy may reduce post-operative blood loss. The purpose of this control study was to investigate the effect of tranexamic acid (TEA) on blood loss in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). This prospective control study included, patients with primary osteoarthritis that had cemented total knee arthroplasty performed between February 1, 2009 and February 28, 2010. They received either tranexamic acid 10 mg/kg (n=21) intravenous injection just before deflation of the tourniquet (single low dose) or did not receive tranexamic acid (n=33). Postoperative drainage system was measured. Both groups had similar characteristics. Mean total blood loss was 482 ml in the tranexamic acid group and 745 ml in the control group (p > 0.1). In conclusion, short-term tranexamic acid therapy (single low dose) was not significantly reducing total blood loss in total knee arthroplasty.