ABO and Rhesus Blood Group Distribution in Blood Donors, Blood Transfusion Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Thailand

Abstract

Background and objective: ABO and Rhesus (Rh) blood groups antigen is the most important and useful in compatibility for patients. The aim of this study was to determine the distribution or prevalence of ABO and Rh blood groups in blood donors between June 2013 to May 2017 (4 years).

Method: The study was concluding on 62,201 blood donors. The blood group antigens of ABO and Rh were confirmed by micro-column gel technique. Doubtful case was confirmed by standard conventional tube method. Age, sex, prevalence of ABO and Rh were reported in percentage.

Result: Female blood donors were more than male (52.8 and 47.2%, respectively). The blood group A, B, O and AB were 20.3, 34.7, 37.5 and 7.5%, respectively. The prevalence of Rh (D) positive and negative was 99.8 and 0.2%. Blood group frequency with respect to A, B, O and AB were 0.04, 0.05, 0.07 and 0.01%, respectively. Total of Rh (D) negative was 0.2%. The age of blood donors divided into <18,19-30, 31-40, 41-50, 51-60 and >60 years old were 4.4, 50.5, 18.9, 16.6%, 9.2, and 0.4%,  respectively. The repeated blood donor’s rate was 4.9%.

Conclusion: Blood groups distribute into O>B>A>AB. The prevalence of Rh (D) negative of Thais normally 0.1% to 0.3%, in our data found 0.2%. Therefore, this prevalence should be related with patients’ blood group for target group blood donation.