Management of Foot Callus in Diabetic Patients: The Challenging Role of Professional Nurses

Abstract

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a significant chronic complication of diabetes that leads to numbness in the feet, loss of protective sensation, and abnormal plantar pressure distribution. These changes promote calluses which is a critical risk factor for foot ulcer development that adversely affect patients’ quality of life. Appropriate managing of foot calluses in diabetic patients represents a challenging role for professional nurses, as it requires specialized skills in risk assessment, appropriate clinical decision-making, and safe callus management, along with expertise in patient education and promotion of self-care foot behaviors. This article compiles evidence-based information and clinical experience regarding the challenges and management approaches for foot calluses in diabetic patients, aiming to enhance nursing competency and effective practice in preventing foot ulcers, reducing lower limb amputation risk, and improving the quality of life for diabetic patients.