บุหรี่ไฟฟ้า
บทคัดย่อ
การควบคุมการใช้ยาสูบทั่วโลกมีความสำเร็จอย่างมาก สร้างความมั่นใจในการคุ้มครองผู้คนจากอันตรายของยาสูบ อย่างไรก็ตามเมื่อยุคสมัยเปลี่ยนไป รูปแบบการสูบบุหรี่ก็เปลี่ยนไปเช่นกัน ผลิตภัณฑ์นิโคตินและยาสูบมีการปรับเปลี่ยนรูปแบบจากมวนยาสูบ สู่บุหรี่มวน จนมาเป็นบุหรี่ไฟฟ้า ซึ่งมีชื่อเรียกรวมว่า “ระบบส่งนิโคตินอิเล็กทรอนิกส์ (Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems: ENDS)” บุหรี่ไฟฟ้า (Electric Cigarettes: ECs) ปรากฏในตลาดผู้บริโภคครั้งแรกในปี ค.ศ.2003 โดยมีความตั้งใจที่จะให้เป็นทางเลือกที่ปลอดภัยกว่าการสูบบุหรี่ธรรมดา (Conventional Combustible Cigarettes: CCs) เนื่องจากไม่มียาสูบ ปัจจุบันบุหรี่ไฟฟ้าเป็นที่นิยมในกลุ่มวัยรุ่น ซึ่งผู้บริโภคเหล่านี้มองว่าบุหรี่ไฟฟ้า "มีอันตรายน้อยกว่า" แม้ว่าผลกระทบต่อสุขภาพในระยะยาวของการใช้บุหรี่ไฟฟ้าจะยังไม่เป็นที่ทราบแน่ชัด แต่ก็มีหลักฐานเพิ่มมากขึ้นที่แสดงให้เห็นว่าบุหรี่ไฟฟ้ามีผลกระทบที่เป็นอันตราย มีผลเสียต่อระบบหัวใจและหลอดเลือด ระบบหายใจ ระบบประสาทส่วนกลาง ระบบกล้ามเนื้อ และระบบทางเดินอาหาร ผลกระทบต่อสุขภาพเหล่านี้ขึ้นอยู่กับปัจจัยที่เกี่ยวข้องหลายประการ อาทิ รูปแบบผลิตภัณฑ์ ปริมาณ และรูปแบบของการบริโภค ตลอดจนผลิตภัณฑ์ยาสูบอื่นที่ใช้ร่วมในเวลาเดียวกัน
เอกสารอ้างอิง
Krüsemann EJ, Boesveldt S, De Graaf K, Talhout R. An e-liquid flavor wheel: a shared vocabulary based on systematically reviewing e-liquid flavor classifications in literature. Nicotine and Tobacco Research. 2019;21(10):1310–9.
Rose SW, Johnson AL, Glasser AM, Villanti AC, Ambrose BK, Conway K, et al. Flavour types used by youth and adult tobacco users in wave 2 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study 2014–2015. Tobacco Control. 2020;29(4):432–46.
Wang TW, Neff LJ, Park-Lee E, Ren C, Cullen KA, King BA. E-cigarette use among middle and high school students – United States, 2020. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. 2020;69:1310–2.
Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health: Wave 4. US Food and Drug Administration; Silver Spring, Maryland; 2016–2017.
Secretariat of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. Information note on classification of novel and emerging tobacco products. WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2019.
Hutzler C, Paschke M, Kruschinski S, Henkler F, Hahn J, Luch A. Chemical hazards present in liquids and vapors of electronic cigarettes. Arch Toxicol. 2014;88(7):1295-308.
Scheffler S, Dieken H, Krischenowski O, Förster C, Branscheid D, Aufderheide M. Evaluation of E-cigarette liquid vapor and mainstream cigarette smoke after direct exposure of primary human bronchial epithelial cells. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2015;12(4):3915-25.
McConnell R, Barrington-Trimis JL, Wang K, Urman R, Hong H, Unger J, et al. Electronic cigarette use and respiratory symptoms in adolescents. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2017;195(8):1043-9.
Thielking M. Vaping- related illness has a new name: EVALI [Available from: https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/ vapingrelated-illness-has-a-new-name-evali
Ellington S, Salvatore PP, Ko J, Danielson M, Kim L, Cyrus A, et al. Update: product, substance-use, and demographic characteristics of hospitalized patients in a nationwide outbreak of e-cigarette, or vaping, product use–associated lung injury—United States, August 2019– January 2020. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. 2020;69(2):44.
Mikosz CA, Danielson M, Anderson KN, Pollack LA, Currie DW, Njai R, et al. Characteristics of patients experiencing rehospitalization or death after hospital discharge in a nationwide outbreak of e-cigarette, or vaping, product use–associated lung injury—United States, 2019. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. 2020;68(5152):1183.
Blount BC, Karwowski MP, Morel- Espinosa M, Rees J, Sosnoff C, Cowan E, et al. Evaluation of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from patients in an outbreak of e-cigarette, or vaping, product use–associated lung injury— 10 states, August– October 2019. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. 2019;68(45):1040.
Louw EH. Vitamin E acetate in bronchoalveolar-lavage fluid associated with electronic cigarette- or vaping product-associated lung injury. African Journal of Thoracic and Critical Care Medicine. 2020;26(1):20.
Youmans AJ, Harwood J. Gross and histopathological findings in the first reported vaping-induced lung injury death in the United States. The American journal of forensic medicine and pathology. 2020;41(1):1-4.
Butt YM, Smith ML, Tazelaar HD, Vaszar LT, Swanson KL, Cecchini MJ, et al. Pathology of vaping-associated lung injury. New England journal of medicine. 2019;381(18):1780-1.
Perez MF, Atuegwu NC, Mead EL, Oncken C, Mortensen EM. Adult e-cigarettes use associated with a self-reported diagnosis of COPD. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019;16(20):3938.
Bowler RP, Hansel NN, Jacobson S, Barr RG, Make BJ, Han MK, et al. Electronic cigarette use in US adults at risk for or with COPD: analysis from two observational cohorts. Journal of general internal medicine. 2017;32(12):1315.
New Studies Suggest Vaping Could Cloud Your Thoughts : https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/news/story/new-studies-suggest-vaping-could-cloud-your-thoughts
Herman M, Tarran R. E-cigarettes, nicotine, the lung and the brain: multi-level cascading pathophysiology. J Physiol. 2020;598:5063-71.
Faulcon LM, Rudy S, Limpert J, Wang B, Murphy I. Adverse experience reports of seizures in youth and young adult electronic nicotine delivery systems users. J Adolesc Health. 2020;66:15-7.
Shao XM, Fang ZT. Severe acute toxicity of inhaled nicotine and e-cigarettes: seizures and cardiac arrhythmia. Chest. 2020;157:506-8.
Benowitz NL. Seizures after vaping nicotine in youth: a canary or a red herring? J Adolesc Health. 2020;66:1-2.
FDA. Some e-cigarette users are having seizures, most reports involving youth and young adults. www.fda.gov/tobacco-products/ctp-newsroom/some-e-cigarette-users-are-having-seizures-most-reports-involving-youth-and-young-adults. Accessed April 20, 2022
Heldt NA, Reichenbach N, McGary HM, Persidsky Y. Effects of electronic nicotine delivery systems and cigarettes on systemic circulation and blood-brain barrier: implications for cognitive decline. Am J Pathology. 2021;191:243-55.
Laviolette SR. Molecular and neuronal mechanisms underlying the effects of adolescent nicotine exposure on anxiety and mood disorders. Neuropharmacology. 2021;184:108411.
Melissa A, Ashley H, Abby J, Jennifer W. Adverse neurologic effects of electronic cigarette use. US Pharm. 2022;47(5):HS6-12.
Kaisar MA, Villalba H, Prasad S, Liles T, Sifat AE, Sajja RK, et al. Offsetting the impact of smoking and e-cigarette vaping on the cerebrovascular system and stroke injury: Is Metformin a viable countermeasure? Redox Biol. 2017;13:353-62.
Vlachopoulos C, Ioakeimidis N, Abdelrasoul M, Terentes-Printzios D, Georgakopoulos C, Pietri P, et al. Electronic cigarette smoking increases aortic stiffness and blood pressure in young smokers. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016;67:2802-3.
Maessen GC, Wijnhoven AM, Neijzen RL, Paulus MC, van Heel DAM, Bomers BHA, et al. Nicotine intoxication by e-cigarette liquids: a study of case reports and pathophysiology. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2020;58:1-8.
Buchanan ND, Grimmer JA, Tanwar V, Schwieterman N, Mohler PJ, Wold LE. Cardiovascular risk of electronic cigarettes: a review of preclinical and clinical studies. Cardiovascular research. 2020;116(1):40-50.
World Health Organization. Noncommunicable diseases: Mortality 2021 [Available from: https:// www. who. int/ data data/themes/topics/topic-details/GHO/ncd-mortality.]
Osei AD, Mirbolouk M, Orimoloye OA, Dzaye O, Uddin SI, Benjamin EJ, et al. Association between e-cigarette use and cardiovascular disease among never and current combustible-cigarette smokers. The American journal of medicine. 2019;132(8):949-54. e2.
Wang JB, Olgin JE, Nah G, Vittinghoff E, Cataldo JK, Pletcher MJ, et al. Cigarette and e-cigarette dual use and risk of cardiopulmonary symptoms in the Health eHeart Study. PLoS One. 2018;13(7): e0198681.
Jones RD, Asare M, Lanning B. A retrospective cross-sectional study on the prevalence of e-cigarette use among college students. J Community Health. 2021;46:195-202.
Leventhal AM, Strong DR, Sussman S, Kirkpatrick MG, Unger JB, Barrington-Trimis JL, et al. Psychiatric comorbidity in adolescent electronic and conventional cigarette use. J Psychiatr Res. 2016;73:71-8.
Tidey JW, Miller ME. Smoking cessation and reduction in people with chronic mental illness. BMJ. 2015;351:h4065.
Benowitz NL. Pharmacology of nicotine: addiction, smoking-induced disease, and therapeutics. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 2009;49:57-71.
Obisesan OH, Mirbolouk M, Osei AD, Orimoloye OA, Uddin SMI, Dzaye O, et al. Association between e-cigarette use and depression in the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2016-2017. JAMA Netw Open. 2019;2:e1916800.
Magari SR, Schwartz J, Williams PL, Hauser R, Smith TJ, Christiani DC. The association between personal measurements of environmental exposure to particulates and heart rate variability. Epidemiology. 2002;13:305–10.
Jahreis S, Trump S, Bauer M, Bauer T, Thurmann L, Feltens R, et al. Maternal phthalate exposure promotes allergic airway inflammation over 2 generations through epigenetic modifications. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2018;141(2):741-53.
Nguyen T, Li GE, Chen H, Cranfield CG, McGrath KC, Gorrie CA. Maternal e-cigarette exposure results in cognitive and epigenetic alterations in offspring in a mouse model. Chem Res Toxicol. 2018;31(7):601-11.
Flouris AD, Chorti MS, Poulianiti KP, Jamurtas AZ, Kostikas K, Tzatzarakis MN, et al. Acute impact of active and passive electronic cigarette smoking on serum cotinine and lung function. Inhalation toxicology. 2013;25(2):91-101.
McEvoy CT, Spindel ER. Pulmonary effects of maternal smoking on the fetus and child: effects on lung development, respiratory morbidities, and life long lung health. Paediatric respiratory reviews. 2017;21:27-33.
Chen R, Pierce JP, Leas EC, White MM, Kealey S, Strong DR, et al. Use of electronic cigarettes to aid long-term smoking cessation in the United States: prospective evidence from the PATH Cohort Study. American journal of epidemiology. 2020;189(12):1529-37.
Pierce JP, Benmarhnia T, Chen R, White M, Abrams DB, Ambrose BK, et al. Role of e-cigarettes and pharmacotherapy during attempts to quit cigarette smoking: The PATH Study 2013-16. PloS one. 2020;15(9):e0237938.
Caraballo RS, Shafer PR, Patel D, Davis KC, McAfee TA. Peer reviewed: quit methods used by US adult cigarette smokers, 2014–2016. Preventing chronic disease. 2017;14.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Smoking & Tobocco Use: About Electronic Cigarettes 2021 [Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/basic_information/e-cigarettes /about-ecigarettes.html#seven.]
World Health Organization. WHO REPORT ON THE GLOBAL TOBACCO EPIDEMIC: Addressing new and emerging products. 2021.
ดาวน์โหลด
เผยแพร่แล้ว
เวอร์ชัน
- 2025-10-10 (2)
- 2025-04-30 (1)
ฉบับ
บท
การอนุญาต
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
บทความที่ได้รับการตีพิมพิ์เป็นลิขสิทธิ์ของวารสารโรงพยาบาลชลบุรี