Development of a Model for Monitoring Potentially Inappropriate Medication Use in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease Stage 3 and Above

Authors

  • Anchalee Pechsombat Pharmacy and Consumer Protection Department, Banna Hospital
  • Kitiyot Yotsombut Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University

Keywords:

chronic kidney disease (CKD), potentially inappropriate medication (PIM), Kidney Care Card, patient education, health literacy, rational drug use (RDU) literacy

Abstract

Background: Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at high risk of receiving potentially inappropriate medications because of altered pharmacokinetics and inadequate communication of kidney function status across healthcare settings.

Objective: To develop a monitoring model for potentially inappropriate medication use in patients with CKD stages 3 and 4 and to evaluate its effects on the knowledge of patients or caregivers, as well as the satisfaction of patients, caregivers, and healthcare personnel.

Methods: The study consisted of two phases. Phase 1 involved model development through a literature review, interviews with healthcare professionals, and the development of tools, including a Kidney Care Card, educational materials, and a knowledge assessment questionnaire. Phase 2 employed a one-group pretest–posttest quasi-experimental design involving 45 patients with CKD stages 3 and 4. Knowledge was assessed at baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at the 3-month follow-up. Data were analyzed using repeated-measures ANOVA.

Results: The developed model consisted of individualized patient education combined with the use of a Kidney Care Card. Mean knowledge scores increased significantly from 20.24 ± 4.46 at baseline to 25.29 ± 1.82 immediately after the intervention and were maintained at 25.18 ± 1.99 at the 3-month follow-up (p < 0.001). The proportion of correct responses increased for most questionnaire items. The Kidney Care Card served as a communication tool for conveying patients' kidney function status between patients and healthcare personnel. Most patients and caregivers reported satisfactory level of satisfaction, while most healthcare personnel reported a high level of satisfaction.

Conclusion: The developed monitoring model significantly improved knowledge regarding appropriate medication use among patients with CKD and may promote appropriate medication use in clinical practice.

Author Biographies

Anchalee Pechsombat, Pharmacy and Consumer Protection Department, Banna Hospital

B.Pharm.

Kitiyot Yotsombut, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University

B.Pharm., Ph.D.

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Published

2026-08-25

How to Cite

1.
เพ็ชรสมบัติ อ, ยศสมบัติ ก. Development of a Model for Monitoring Potentially Inappropriate Medication Use in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease Stage 3 and Above. Thai J Clin Pharm [Internet]. 2026Aug.25 [cited 2026Aug.25];32(2):187-98. Available from: https://thaidj.org/index.php/TJCP/article/view/16915

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Section

Research Articles