Clinical Management of Paclitaxel-Induced Hypersensitivity Reactions: A Review Article

Authors

  • Pasunun Dumrongkongchai Pharmacy Department, Klang Hospital
  • Thaksin Jansing Faculty of Pharmacy, Siam University

Keywords:

paclitaxel, hypersensitivity reactions, adverse drug reactions, Cremophor EL, CARPA

Abstract

Paclitaxel-induced hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs) have an incidence of 5%–30% and most commonly occur during the first or second treatment cycle. The predominant mechanism is non-IgE-mediated and involves complement activation–related pseudoallergy (CARPA), with Cremophor EL, a formulation excipient, serving as a major triggering factor. This review summarizes the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, CTCAE-based severity assessment, and practical management strategies for paclitaxel-induced HSRs, covering premedication, acute reaction management, re-challenge, and rapid drug desensitization (RDD). It also synthesizes practical clinical management strategies following HSRs, including severity assessment, selection of re-challenge strategies, and treatment modification when appropriate. Clinical decision-making should integrate reaction severity, available evidence, and institutional resources to optimize patient safety and treatment continuity.

Author Biographies

Pasunun Dumrongkongchai, Pharmacy Department, Klang Hospital

Pharm.D.

Thaksin Jansing, Faculty of Pharmacy, Siam University

Pharm.D., BCP (Pharmacotherapy)

References

Gradishar WJ, Moran MS, Abraham J, Abramson V, Aft R, Agnese D, et al. Breast cancer, version 3.2024, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology. J Natl Compr Canc Netw. 2024;22(5):331-57. doi: 10.6004/jnccn.2024.0035.

สำนักงานหลักประกันสุขภาพแห่งชาติ. แนวทางการขอรับค่าบริการสาธารณสุขกรณีโรคมะเร็งผู้ใหญ่ปี พ.ศ. 2566 [อินเทอร์เน็ต]. กรุงเทพมหานคร: สำนักงานหลักประกันสุขภาพแห่งชาติ; 2566 [สืบค้นเมื่อ 31 มี.ค. 2569]. สืบค้นจาก: https://www.nhso.go.th/images/2024/11/TH005P013%20ดาวน์โหลดเอกสาร/เอกสารบรรยายประชุม/0228_เอกสารแนวทางการขอรับค่าบริการสาธารณสุข%20กรณีโรคมะเร็ง%20ปี%202566%20ฉบับสมบูรณ์/1_แนวทางการขอรับค่าบริการสาธารณสุขกรณีโรค.pdf

Bristol-Myers Squibb Company. Taxol (paclitaxel) injection [Internet]. Silver Spring (MD): U.S. Food and Drug Administration; 2023 [cited 2026 Mar 31]. Available from: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2011/020262s049lbl.pdf

Siegel RD, LeFebvre KB, Temin S, Evers A, Barbarotta L, Bowman RM, et al. Antineoplastic therapy administration safety standards for adult and pediatric oncology: ASCO-ONS Standards. Oncol Nurs Forum. 2024;51(4):297–320. doi: 10.1188/24.ONF.297–320.

Cancer Institute NSW. eviQ Cancer Treatments Online. Premedication for prophylaxis of taxane hypersensitivity reactions (infusion related reactions and anaphylaxis) [Internet]. Sydney (NSW): NSW Health; 2024 [cited 2026 Mar 31]. Available from: https://www.eviq.org.au/clinical-resources/side-effect-and-toxicity-management/immunological/3264-premedication-for-prophylaxis-of-taxane-hyper

Picard M, Castells M. Re-visiting hypersensitivity reactions to taxanes: a comprehensive review. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol. 2015;49(2):177–91. doi: 10.1007/s12016-014-8416-0.

Pagani M, Bavbek S, Alvarez-Cuesta E, Berna Dursun A, Bonadonna P, Castells M, et al. Hypersensitivity reactions to chemotherapy: an EAACI Position Paper. Allergy. 2022;77(2):388-403. doi: 10.1111/all.15113.

Weiss RB, Donehower RC, Wiernik PH, Ohnuma T, Gralla RJ, Trump DL, et al. Hypersensitivity reactions from taxol. J Clin Oncol. 1990;8(7):1263–68. doi: 10.1200/JCO.1990.8.7.1263.

Meridian Laboratories, Inc. Docetaxel injection, for intravenous use [Internet]. Silver Spring (MD): U.S. Food and Drug Administration; 2022 [cited 2026 Mar 31]. Available from: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2022/215813s000lbl.pdf

Sandoz Inc. Cabazitaxel injection, for intravenous use [Internet]. Silver Spring (MD): U.S. Food and Drug Administration; 2023 [cited 2026 Mar 31]. Available from: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2023/208715s000lbl.pdf

Gradishar WJ, Tjulandin S, Davidson N, Shaw H, Desai N, Bhar P, et al. Phase III trial of nanoparticle albumin–bound paclitaxel compared with polyethylated castor oil–based paclitaxel in women with breast cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2005;23(31):7794–803. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2005.04.937.

Boulanger J, Boursiquot JN, Cournoyer G, Lemieux J, Masse MS, Almanric K, et al. Management of hypersensitivity to platinum- and taxane-based chemotherapy: CEPO review and clinical recommendations. Curr Oncol. 2014;21(4):e630–41. doi: 10.3747/co.21.1966.

Picard M. Management of hypersensitivity reactions to taxanes. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am. 2017;37(4):679–93. doi: 10.1016/j.iac.2017.07.004.

Szebeni J. Complement activation-related pseudoallergy: a new class of drug-induced acute immune toxicity. Toxicology. 2005;216(2-3):106–21. doi: 10.1016/j.tox.2005.07.023.

Muraro A, Worm M, Alviani C, Cardona V, DunnGalvin A, Garvey LH, et al. EAACI guidelines: anaphylaxis (2021 update). Allergy. 2022;77(2):357–77. doi: 10.1111/all.15032.

Markman M, Kennedy A, Webster K, Kulp B, Peterson G, Belinson J. Paclitaxel-associated hypersensitivity reactions: experience of the gynecologic oncology program of the Cleveland Clinic Cancer Center. J Clin Oncol. 2000;18(1):102–5. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2000.18.1.102.

Thangwonglers T, Santimaleeworagun W, Therasakvichya S, Saengsukkasemsak N, Pimsi P. Characteristics of immediate hypersensitivity reaction to paclitaxel-based chemotherapy in gynecologic cancer patients. Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol. 2023;41(4):340–6. doi: 10.12932/AP-050520-0831.

Sangtong J, Pakpian S, Uamkam E. Factors associated with hypersensitivity reactions in patients receiving paclitaxel at Lop Buri Cancer Hospital. J Dept Med Serv [Internet]. 2025 [cited 2026 Mar 31];50(2):84–94. Available from: https://he02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/JDMS/article/view/270610

National Cancer Institute. Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 5.0. Bethesda (MD): U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; 2017 [cited 2026 Mar 31]. Available from: https://dctd.cancer.gov/research/ctep-trials/for-sites/adverse-events/ctcae-v5-5x7.pdf

Castells MC, Tennant NM, Sloane DE, Hsu FI, Barrett NA, Hong DI, et al. Hypersensitivity reactions to chemotherapy: outcomes and safety of rapid desensitization in 413 cases. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2008;122(3):574–80. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2008.02.044.

Bayrak Durmaz MS, Unutmaz DG, Demir M, Goksel O, Dursun AB, Bavbek S. Hypersensitivity reactions to taxanes: a multicenter study for outcomes and safety of rapid drug desensitization. Allergy Asthma Immunol Res. 2024;16(2):142–53. doi: 10.4168/aair.2024.16.2.142.

Tsao LR, Young FD, Otani IM, Castells MC. Hypersensitivity reactions to platinum agents and taxanes. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol. 2022;62(3):432–48. doi:10.1007/s12016-021-08877-y.

Sofias AM, Dunne M, Storm G, Allen C. The battle of “nano” paclitaxel. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2017;122:20–30. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2017.02.003.

Published

2026-08-25

How to Cite

1.
ดำรงค์คงชัย ภ, จันทร์สิงห์ ท. Clinical Management of Paclitaxel-Induced Hypersensitivity Reactions: A Review Article. Thai J Clin Pharm [Internet]. 2026Aug.25 [cited 2026Aug.25];32(2):227-42. Available from: https://thaidj.org/index.php/TJCP/article/view/17777

Issue

Section

Review Article