Factors Associated with Mortality during Treatment among Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis at Borabue Hospital, Maha Sarakham Province, Thailand, 2020–2024

Abstract

Abstract

            This retrospective cohort study aimed to identify factors associated with mortality during treatment among patients with pulmonary tuberculosis at Borabue Hospital,
Maha Sarakham Province, Thailand, from 2020 to 2024. Data were obtained from hospital tuberculosis registers and medical records. The study population included 755 patients with laboratory-confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis who received treatment during the study period. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the Chi-square test, and multiple logistic regression, with a statistical significance level set at p < 0.05.

            The results showed that most patients were male (66.5%) with a mean age of 54.8 years. The majority were new cases (82.9%). The most common comorbidities were diabetes mellitus (20.1%) and HIV infection (9.0%). The overall mortality rate during treatment was 13.9%, which was higher than the national average. Factors significantly associated with mortality included age ≥ 60 years (p < 0.001), a history of previous TB treatment (p = 0.012), diabetes mellitus (p = 0.021), and HIV infection (p = 0.018). In contrast, sex, sputum results, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and chronic kidney disease (CKD) were not significantly associated with mortality.

            In conclusion, mortality among pulmonary tuberculosis patients at Borabue Hospital was associated with individual and comorbid factors, particularly advanced age, previous treatment history, and chronic diseases. Intensive monitoring and follow-up for high-risk patients are essential to improve treatment success and reduce tuberculosis-related mortality.

Keywords : Pulmonary tuberculosis, Mortality, Risk factors.