Factors Influencing Vaccination Coverage of Children 0-5 Years Old in Tapoyo Subdistrict, Yi-ngo District, Narathiwat Province, Fiscal Year 2022

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the factors influencing the coverage of basic vaccination among children aged 0-5 years in Tapo Yao Subdistrict, Yi-ngo District, Narathiwat Province, during the fiscal year 2022. A cross-sectional analytical study design was employed, and data were collected from 198 parents through cluster sampling. The data collection was carried out in January 2023 using a questionnaire designed to assess knowledge of basic vaccines, with a discrimination power of 0.20. Beliefs in supporting basic vaccination and satisfaction with services were also evaluated, with Cronbach’s alpha coefficients of 0.70 and 0.80, respectively. Descriptive statistics, including frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and logistic regression analysis, were utilized for data analysis. The results revealed that the majority of the sample comprised females (89.40%), aged 30-40 years (47.00%), and married individuals (88.90%). The knowledge level regarding basic vaccines was found to be moderate in 58.10% of participants; while 50.50% demonstrated a high level of belief in supporting basic vaccination. It was observed that parents with a moderate level of belief in supporting vaccination were 86.00% less likely to have children aged 0-5 years who achieved the basic vaccination coverage criteria (AOR=0.14, 95%CI: 0.03–0.77). Furthermore, parents who had never been followed up by public health officials regarding basic vaccination were 98.00% less likely to have children aged 0-5 years who met the basic vaccination coverage criteria (AOR=0.02, 95%CI: 0.01–0.11). Therefore, it was recommended that public health agencies at all levels in Narathiwat Province implement policies and measures aimed at providing accurate knowledge and correcting beliefs about basic vaccination for Muslim children through various channels. Moreover, the system for monitoring basic vaccination in children aged 0-5 years should be enhanced to ensure comprehensive coverage.