Effectiveness of Medicinal Plant Crude Extracts on Growth Inhibition of Aspergillus fumigatus - ประสิทธิผลของสารสกัดสมุนไพรในการยับยั้ง เชือรา Aspergillus fumigatus

Abstract

            This experimental research aimed to determine essential oil and the effectiveness of three potential leaf crude extracts of Ocimum sanctum, Ocimum basilicum and trunk of Cymbopogon citratus extracted by 95% ethanol. The products of crude extracts were tested for effectiveness to inhibit the growth of As-pergillus fumigatus. The effectiveness was observed by measuring the size of the clear zone formed on agar plates. Using agar well diffusion method, the diameter of clear zone for 50 mg/ml crude extracts from Ocimum sanctum, Ocimum basilicum and Cymbopogon citratus was 15.6 mm., 10.8 mm. and 9.5 mm., respectively, which was consistent with the amount of active ingradients isolated from the crude extracts. Using gas chromatography - mass spectrometry, the content of eugenol and linalool combination was highest in the crude extracts from Ocimum sanctum. The anti-fungal effectiveness of the crude extracts was assess by using pattern spray in a box model, and counting colonies of A. fumigatus found on agar plates after incubation. The test results immediatly after cleaning the box, at time 0, 15 minute, 30 minute, 45 minute and 60 minute were 0, 777, 591, 388, 207 and 101 CFU/m 3 for Ocimum sanctum; 0, 763, 617, 440, 285 and 169 CFU/m 3 for Ocimum basilicum; and 0, 765, 659, 544, 416 and 285 CFU/ m 3 for Cymbopogon citratus respectively. Thus, the Ocimum sanctum crude extracts had highest growth inhibition effect against A. fumigatus, followed by Ocimum basilicum and Cymbopogon citratus.

Key words: Ocimum sanctum, Ocimum basilicum, Cymbopogon citratus, crude extract