Effect of Methadone on Chronic Pain Management in Terminally Ill Patients: A Retrospective Study

Authors

  • Attakorn Raksasataya Karunruk Palliative Care Center, Srinagarind Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University
  • Sassawat Tuntapakul Pharmaceutical and Consumer Protection Department, Bankruat Hospital
  • Supattra Jindaduang Pharmacy Department, Medical Development Center Clinic, Bangkok
  • Suthan Chanthawong Division of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University

Keywords:

methadone, chronic pain, drug use review, terminally ill patients, adverse effects

Abstract

Background: Methadone is an opioid analgesic with proven efficacy in pain control, which remains an important clinical challenge among patients with advanced illness. However, evidence regarding the prescribing patterns, effectiveness, and safety of methadone in Thailand remains limited.

Objectives: To evaluate the indications, prescribing patterns, initiation methods, starting doses, treatment response, potential drug–drug interactions, adverse drug reactions, use of adjuvant analgesics, and process indicators related to the effectiveness and safety monitoring of methadone for chronic pain management in terminally ill patients.

Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted through a medical record review of patients who received methadone for pain control in the internal medicine wards of Srinagarind Hospital under consultation with the Palliative Care Center between January 1, 2017, and December 31, 2019.

Results: A total of 36 patient records were reviewed, with equal numbers of male and female patients. The median age (interquartile range) was 48.5 (18) years. Most patients experienced cancer-related pain (83.3%). Mixed pain was the most common pain type, accounting for 61.1% of patients when both cancer-related and non-cancer pain groups were combined. Methadone was primarily prescribed as switch therapy from other strong opioids in combination with adjuvant analgesics, using either the three-day method (8.3%) or the stop-and-go method (55.6%). The mean number of potential drug–drug interaction pairs was 3.4 per patient. The most common adverse drug reactions were somnolence and constipation, occurring in 44.8% and 27.6% of patients, respectively. Pain assessments before and after methadone initiation were documented in 75.0% of patients, and 61.1% underwent electrocardiogram monitoring at least once. Overall treatment success was achieved in 72.2% of patients.

Conclusions: Methadone switch therapy combined with adjuvant analgesics, particularly the stop-and-go approach, was effective in controlling severe chronic pain in terminally ill patients. Most adverse effects were mild, and monitoring of treatment effectiveness and safety was performed at an appropriate level.

Author Biographies

Attakorn Raksasataya, Karunruk Palliative Care Center, Srinagarind Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University

MD., FRPFCT

Sassawat Tuntapakul, Pharmaceutical and Consumer Protection Department, Bankruat Hospital

Pharm.D.

Supattra Jindaduang, Pharmacy Department, Medical Development Center Clinic, Bangkok

Pharm.D.

Suthan Chanthawong, Division of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University

B.Pharm, BCP

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Published

2026-08-25

How to Cite

1.
รักษาสัตย์ อ, ตันตาปกุล ศ, จินดาดวง ส, จันทะวงศ์ ส. Effect of Methadone on Chronic Pain Management in Terminally Ill Patients: A Retrospective Study. Thai J Clin Pharm [Internet]. 2026Aug.25 [cited 2026Aug.25];32(2):211-26. Available from: https://thaidj.org/index.php/TJCP/article/view/17388

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Section

Research Articles