The predictive factors associated with the occurrence of moderate and severe asthma exacerbations in patients followed up at the asthma clinic of Phrae Hospital
Abstract
Background: 3.7% of asthma patients experience severe exacerbations, and asthma-related deaths are more common in low-income countries. The World Health Organization (WHO) has implemented policies to monitor the global asthma situation to reduce the burden of chronic non-communicable diseases. In 2024, Area Health 1 reported over 47,000 asthma patients, with 3,960 cases of acute asthma exacerbation. According to the Health Data Center report from Phrae Hospital in 2023, there were 70 cases of severe asthma exacerbation, which increased to over 85 cases in 2024.
Objective: To identify the relationship between clinical factors and moderate-to-severe asthma exacerbations.
Study design: A retrospective dynamic observation study was conducted on asthma patients aged over 15 years between October 1, 2020, and September 30, 2022. Patients who had visited the emergency room during the data collection period were classified as those with moderate and severe asthma exacerbations. Patients with no history of emergency room visits for asthma exacerbations were classified as non-exacerbating. The study explored factors associated with asthma exacerbations and analyzed their relationship with moderate and severe exacerbations.
Results: Factors that tended to increase the risk of moderate-to-severe asthma exacerbations included female gender, age over 60 years, body mass index (BMI), percentage of peripheral blood eosinophils, bronchial obstruction, level of asthma control, and a history of previous exacerbations requiring emergency room or clinic visits.
Conclusion: The factors associated with moderate-to-severe asthma exacerbations can be applied in asthma clinics for monitoring and surveillance. However, they are not sufficient for developing a model to predict asthma exacerbations.
Keywords: asthma, risk factors for asthma, asthma exacerbation, asthma control level, GINA guidelines
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กระทรวงสาธารณสุข. รายงานอัตราการกำเริบ เฉียบพลันในผู้ป่วยโรคหืดที่ต้องได้รับ การรักษาใน โรงพยาบาล จังหวัดแพร่ ปีงบประมาณ 2567. ระบบคลังข้อมูล ด้านการแพทย์และสุขภาพ กระทรวงสาธารณสุข. สืบค้นได้จาก: https://hdc.moph.go.th/center/ public/standard-report-detail/7e7d 15e75bf d9abce62d54c938ecfadd
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