The association of body mass index level on time-to-pneumonia in confirmed case COVID 19 patients at Phrae hospital, Thailand
Keywords:
body mass index, pneumonia, COVID-19, hazardAbstract
Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was declared as the pandemic disease. Complications have involved several systems including pneumonia. Several studies have shown that BMI is an important prognostic factor.
Objectives: To compare each level of body mass index (BMI) on the time-free pneumonia in confirmed case COVID-19 and to determine the effect of each BMI level on rate (Hazard ratio) of pneumonia in confirmed case COVID-19
Study design: We conducted a retrospective cohort study. The data were collected from medical record. The confirmed Case COVID-19 patients were 18-80 years of age who were hospitalized in Phrae hospital between January 1st 2020 and September 1th 2021. Total 357 patients were classified into 3 categories by BMI levels which consisted of two index groups namely (i) BMI< 18.5 kg/m2 (ii) >23.0 kg/m2 and comparison group; BMI 18.5-23.0 kg/m2. All patients were followed for 14 days. The data were analyzed using RStudio version 1.4.1717. We adjusted covariates of gender, age, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, absolute lymphocyte count, serum lactase dehydrogenase and symptomatic presence. The Cox Proportional Hazard model was used to determine Hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI)
Results: The adjusted analysis of confirmed COVID-19 patients who had BMI >23.0 kg/m2 show hazard ratio 2.1 [1.42-3.12] when compared toc. After, controlling for gender, age, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, absolute lymphocyte count, serum lactase dehydrogenase and symptomatic presence
Conclusion: The rate of pneumonia was increased in high BMI (BMI>23 kg/m2). Besides, shortness of onset time-to-pneumonia was observed in the high BMI. Low BMI (BMI<18.5 kg/m2) patients tended to be increase rate of pneumonia.
Keywords: body mass index, pneumonia, COVID-19, hazard
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