Gender Factor on Mortality Risk among COVID-19 Patients Admitted in Samutprakan Hospital

Abstract

This retrospective study aimed to identify factors affecting the mortality of patients with COVID-19 in Samutprakan Hospital from January 2020 to September 2022. The data were reviewed from the coronavirus-19 report of the Ministry of Public Health and medical records. Descriptive statistics and Chisquare tests were used for data analysis. The results were presented as an adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval. This study revealed that deaths with covid-19 patients were 689 cases. There were 1.2 times more males than females with the average age of 72.5 years old (range from 9 months to 102 years old). The comorbidities were found including hypertension (70.0%), diabetes (44.9%), chronic kidney disease stage 3 or more (25.0%), and bed-ridden status (15.8%). The average duration of illness and length of stay were 2.2 and 9.7 days, respectively. Eighty-four percent of COVID-19 death patients were not vaccinated. More than half of the patients had been treated using high-pressure oxygen levels. The most common complications causing death included acute renal failure, atrial fibrillation and upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio >3.13 was found in 62.8% of death patients which was a predictor to develop critical illness. The potential risk factors which were statistically significantly associated with COVID-19 mortality included diabetes, hypertension, CKD stage 3 or more, cerebrovascular disease, pulmonary disease, chronic liver disease and malignancy in males and BMI more than 30 Kg/m2 and bed-ridden status in females.