Factors Influencing Glycemic Control among Pre-Diabetes in Maung District, Phitsanulok Province

Abstract

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the factors influencing glycemic control among pre-diabetes population in Maung District, Phitsanulok Province. Determining the sample size under the assumptions of the structural equation analysis (Structural Equation Model: SEM), 360 samples were needed. They were recruited by stratified random sampling. Data were collected using a questionnaire developed through the inspection of the quality of the tools from the experts that had the IOC between 0.6-1.0. The 6 study instruments had Cronbach alpha coefficient reliability between 0.76 - 0.87. Corrected data were used from January to March 2018; and the data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and SEM of the variables was tested using the LISREL 8.52 software. The results showed that the majority of 360 participants were female (n=257, 70.6%), The mean age was 55.22±11.05 years, 77.2% were married, and 67.5% had elementary level of educational. The samples with employment status (45.6%) had income of baht 7,320.83±6304.78. Half of the participants had a family history of diabetes (50.6%). Based on the analysis, a structural equation model that fit to the data was obtained with Chi-square=109.74, p=0.71673, GFI=0.98, AGFI=0.96, SRMR=0.037, and RMSEA=0.000. Factors that had significant direct effects on controlled blood sugar levels include preventive behaviors (DE=0.11*); and the factors that had an indirect influence on controlled blood sugar level were per­sonal factors (IE=0.65*), social support (IE=2.14*), health belief scheme (IE=0.05*), knowledge (IE=0.31*), and attitude (IE=-0.06*). Therefore, ability to control blood glucose levels was found to be associated with direct and indirect effects that resulted in normalization of blood sugar level among persons at risk of developing type 2 diabetes.