โรต้าไวรัส (rotavirus)
คำสำคัญ:
เชื้อ rotavirus, โรคอุจจาระร่วง, ระบาดวิทยา, วัคซีนสำหรับ rotavirusบทคัดย่อ
โรต้าไวรัส (rotavirus) เป็นสาเหตุสำคัญของโรคอุจจาระร่วงขั้นรุนแรงในทารกและเด็กเล็กอายุต่ำกว่า 5 ปี rotavirus เป็นไวรัสที่มีกรดนิวคลีอิกชนิดอาร์เอ็นเอสายคู่ ระบบการจำแนก rotavirus จัดแยกตามคุณลักษณะของ แอนติเจนหรือลักษณะทางพันธุกรรมของไวรัส เชื้อ rotavirus group A เป็นสาเหตุหลักที่ทำให้เกิดอาการอุจจาระร่วง ในเด็กที่พบได้ทั่วโลก วิธีการติดต่อเชื้อ rotavirus ส่วนใหญ่ผ่านทาง faecal-oral route transmission มีวิธีที่สามารถ ตรวจหาเชื้อ rotavirus จากสิ่งส่งตรวจของผู้ป่ วย ได้แก่ การตรวจหาแอนติเจน การตรวจหาแอนติบอดี การตรวจหา กรดนิวคลีอิกและการแยกเชื้อไวรัส วัคซีนสามารถลดความเสี่ยงของอาการอุจจาระร่วงรุนแรงในกลุ่มเด็กเล็ก ปัจจุบัน มีวัคซีนทีได้รับการอนุมัติเพื่อใช้สำหรับเด็ก บทความนี้มีจุดมุ่งหมายเพื่ออภิปรายเกี่ยวกับคุณสมบัติทั่วไป การวินิจฉัย การเกิดโรค วัคซีนป้ องกันและรายละเอียดของระบาดวิทยาของ rotavirus ในประเทศไทย
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