Effectiveness of a Collaborative Program between Pharmacists and Nurses to Improve Spontaneous Reporting System of Adverse Drug Reactions in Prapokklao Hospital, Chanthaburi Province-ประสิทธิผลของโปรแกรมความร่วมมือระหว่างเภสัชกรและพยาบาลในการรายงานอาการไม่พึงประสงค์จากการใช้ยาตามความสมัครใจโรงพยาบาลพระปกเกล้า จันทบุรี

บทคัดย่อ

       The objectives of this study were to evaluate an impact of the collaborative program between pharmacists and nurses on improvements of spontaneous reporting system of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in Prapokklao hospital. The investigation focused on knowledge, the capability to report suspected ADRs and compared between experimental and control groups of nurses. The sample
was nurses who were in charge of hospitalized patients in four medical and surgical wards during the study period. Several methods included a training program of ADR knowledge and roles of nurses in reporting such adverse events, an assessment on knowledge about ADRs through a preand post-test by using Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and a comparison between the incidence of ADR reported by nurses and verified by pharmacists by using chi-square test. Data were collected from
December 2004 to June 2005.

      Results revealed that eight coordinating nurses trained by pharmacists had a higher score of knowledge than before training. Forty-four nurses who were in the experimental group also had higher scores of post-test at the third month of the investigation, compared to the baseline. Differences in the pre- and post-test scores between nurses in experimental and control groups were statistically significant at 0.05. Intensive ADR monitoring carried out by pharmacists indicated that experimental wards had 3,572 patients with 371 ADR problems, while control wards had 3,467 patients with 266 problems. Nurses in the experimental groups could correctly report 174 problems of ADRs (46.9%), while 29 problems (10.9%) were reported by their counterparts. The difference in the capability to reporting ADR was at the significance level of 0.05. Nanrajo algorithm showed the level of probability and, the proportion of ADR reported by the experimental group was fourfold related to that of the control group. This collaborative program between pharmacists and nurses significantly improved performance and knowledge of nurse as well as spontaneous ADR reporting system in Prapokklao hospital. 

Key words: adverse drug reactions, experimental study, spontaneous ADR reporting system