Risk Factors of Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn in Chaiyaphum Hospital

Abstract

Transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN) is common problem of respiratory distress in newborn. To study risk factors of TTN, the medical records were reviewed in newborn who delivered at Chaiyaphum Hospital during 1^st January to 31^st December, 2019. Total of 283 newborns were categorized into 2 groups; TTN (73 cases), and non-TTN (210 cases). 61.64% of TTN group were male, mean (± SD) gestational age was 37⁺⁴ (±1.20) weeks, mean (± SD) birth weight was 2,922.43 (±619.74) grams, mean (± SD) length of stay was 5.48 (±2.06) days. 35.64% of TTN group were 1^st pregnancy and 36.99% were 2^nd pregnancy. 8 cases of maternal diabetes mellitus (DM) were found in TTN group (10.96%). Mode of delivery in TTN group mostly was cesarean section (73.97%) and augmentation was found 21.92%. Maternal DM, cesarean section and length of stay were significant higher in TTN group than non-TTN group (p=0.028, p=0.0016 and p<0.001, respectively). Gestational age and birth weight were significant lower in TTN group than non-TTN group (p<0.001 and p= 0.043, respectively).  Maternal DM, cesarean section and  less than 38 weeks-gestational age were statistically significant factor associated with TTN (p-value < 0.05). Incidence risk ratio of TTN in Maternal DM, cesarean section and <38 weeks-gestational age were 2.03 times (IRR 2.03, 95%CI=1.23-3.35, p= 0.006), 1.79 times (IRR 1.79, 95%CI=1.13-2.83, p=0.014) and 1.57 times (IRR 1.57, 95%CI=1.04-2.37, p=0.032), respectively.

conclusion, the risk factor of transient tachypnea of the newborn in Chaiyaphum Hospital are maternal DM, cesarean section and <38 weeks-gestational age. Mode of delivery and gestational age for elective cesarean section should be considered appropriately.