Predictive Factors of Reducing Salt and Sodium Consumption Behavior among People with Risk of Hypertension in Nong Phai District, Phetchabun Province

Abstract

This predictive research aimed to study the level of salt and sodium consumption reduction behavior among people with risk of hypertension and factors predicting the behavior of reducing salt and sodium consumption among people with the risk of hypertension aged 35 years and over who live in Nong Phai District, Phetchabun Province. Data were collected from 221 people by using a self-answer questionnaire. The data were analyzed by using number, percentage, mean, minimum, maximum, and standard deviation. The ability to predict factors affecting salt and sodium reduction behavior of hypertensive risk groups were analyzed by using stepwise multiple regression analysis. The results showed that scores on the perceived benefits of salt and sodium reduction behavior were at moderate level (67.42%), scores on the perceived barriers to salt and sodium reduction behavior were at high level (61.54%), scores on the perceived self-efficacy of salt and sodium reduction behavior were at high level (61.09%), scores for access to food and salt and sodium substitute products were at moderate level (59.01%), sores for social support for reduced salt and sodium consumption behaviors were at high level (63.35%), and scores for salt and sodium reduction behavior were at a moderate level (74.66%). The perceived self-efficacy of salt and sodium reduction behavior (β = 0.348, p<0.001), social support for reduced salt and sodium consumption behaviors (β = 0.322, p<0.001), employee (β = -0.183, p=0.002), perceived barriers to salt and sodium reduction behavior (β = -0.174, p = 0.010), and age (β = 0.137, p=0.022) were able to predict the salt and sodium reduction behavior among people with risk of Hypertension by 29.0%