THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE SELF-MANAGEMENT PROGRAM ON HEALTH BEHAVIORS AND BLOOD SUGAR LEVEL OF UNCONTROLLED TYPE2 DIABETIC PATIENTS AT PHU NAM YOD SUB-DISTRICT, WICHIAN BURI DISTRICT, PHETCHABUN PROVINCE

Abstract

This quasi-experimental study utilized a two-group pretest-posttest design to evaluate the effectiveness of a self -management program on health behaviors, among patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes. This quasi-experimental study utilized a twogroup pretest-posttest design to evaluate the effectiveness of a self-management program on health behaviors among patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes developed by the researcher based on the self-management concept of Kanfer & Gaelick-Buys. Sixty participants were equally assigned to either the experimental or control group, matched by gender, age, and baseline blood glucose levels. The experimental group engaged in an 8-week self-management program, while the control group received routine nursing care. The research instruments were the health behaviors questionnaires and the self-management program which were developed by the researcher and approved by five experts with item-objective congruence (IOC) values ranging from 0.67 to 1.00 and a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.80 Statistical analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics, paired t-tests, and independent t-tests.

The findings demonstrated significant improvements in the experimental group’s health behaviors, DTX, and HbA1c levels following the intervention (p-value<.001). Moreover, post-intervention comparisons revealed that the experimental group outperformed the control group on all outcome measures (p-value<.001). These results indicate that structured self-management programs are effective in enhancing health behaviors and glycemic control, and are recommended for ongoing implementation to support long-term health outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes.