ปัจจัยที่สัมพันธ์กับการเปลี่ยนแปลงคุณภาพการนอนหลับ ในผู้สูงอายุที่ชุมชนเขตเมืองจังหวัดนครสวรรค์

Kampanat  Suri; Kulnida  Mukhjang; Watcharasak  Pongprapai

Authors

Kampanat Suri Sawanpracharak Hospital
Kulnida Mukhjang Sawanpracharak Hospital
Watcharasak Pongprapai Sawanpracharak Hospital

Keywords:

Sleep quality, insomnia, elderly, Nakhon Sawan

Abstract

Objective: To study the factors associated with changes in sleep quality among older people.

Methodology: This cross-sectional study collected data from elderly individuals aged 60 and above at the Sawan-Pracharak Hospital health service centers in Nakhon Sawan, Thailand. A total of 252 participants were selected using stratified random sampling. Data were collected twice, at months 0 and 4, using a questionnaire of three parts: general information, health-related factors, and the Thai-Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (Thai-PSQI). The study was conducted from June to September 2023. Descriptive statistics and polytomous logistic regression were used to analyze the relationships between various factors and changes in sleep quality, expressed as odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI), with statistical significance set at a p-value of less than 0.05.

Results: 15 (6.0%) elderly experienced a deterioration in sleep quality from good to poor, 18 (7.2%) experienced an improvement from poor to good, and 215 (86.8%) did not change sleep quality. Factors associated with the change in sleep quality from good to poor included having a body mass index greater than or equal to 23 kg/m² (OR=3.28; 95% CI 1.28-8.40, p=0.01), monthly income of 5,001-10,000 THB (OR=0.41; 95% CI 0.18-0.94, p=0.04), monthly income of more than 10,000 THB (OR=0.29; 95% CI 0.10-0.79, p=0.02) in other words, having a higher income improves sleep quality, nocturia more than once per night (OR=2.03; 95% CI 1.03-4.03, p=0.04), and having chronic illnesses (OR=2.40; 95% CI 1.02-5.67, p=0.04). Factors associated with the change in sleep quality from poor to good included being over 70 years old (OR=2.50; 95% CI 1.32-4.72, p<0.01) and regular exercise (OR=3.04; 95% CI 1.27-7.29, p=0.01).

Conclusion: In this study, factors contributing to poor sleep quality included being overweight, urinating more than once during the night, and having a chronic illness. Older age, higher income, and regular exercise are associated with better sleep quality. Healthcare personnel should promote factors that improve sleep quality and address or mitigate those that deteriorate it, to enhance the overall sleep quality of the elderly population.

Keywords: Sleep quality, insomnia, elderly, Nakhon Sawan.

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