Prevalence and Factors Associated with Depression among Type 2 Diabetic Patients in Konsarn Hospital

Abstract

Background: Depression is a frequent comorbidity found in type 2 diabetic patients. Depression in diabetic patients commonly associated with treatment nonadherence; and therefore, resulting in poor glycemic control and subsequent medical complications. Early diagnosis of depression and appropriate management in diabetic patients are necessary in order to improve their health and quality of life.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of depression and its associated factors among the patients with type 2 diabetes in Kornsan hospital.

Method: A prospective observational study was conducted, during May 2015 and August 2015, in Kornsan hospital. Type 2 diabetic patients with age over 40 were recruited from diabetic clinic. The data was collected by interviewing these patients and using the nine-question depression questionnaire. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the associated factors of depression.

Result:  A total of 340 type 2 diabetic patients were included into this study. 80% were female and the average patient age was 60 years. The prevalence of depression was 16.18% (n=55) and logistic regression analysis revealed that insufficiency of income (Odds ratio [OR] = 5.51, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.34-22.74), duration of diabetes ≥ 11 years (OR = 1.86, 95%CI = 1.04-3.32), comorbidities ≥ 2 diseases (OR = 2.45, 95%CI = 1.31-4.59), presence of diabetic retinopathy (OR =2.46, 95%CI = 1.29-4.69), presence of diabetic nephropathy (OR = 4.15, 95%CI = 2.27-7.58), insulin use (OR = 2.58, 95%CI = 1.44-4.64) abnormal fasting blood sugar level (OR = 2.56, 95%CI = 1.20-5.44), and abnormal hemoglobin A1c level (OR = 2.11, 95%CI = 1.02-4.38) were the independent associated factors of depression in type 2 diabetic patients.

Conclusion: The prevalence of depression among type 2 diabetic patients in Konsarn hospital was high as well as previous study. Routine depression screening in type 2 diabetic patients is crucial, especially in patients with insufficiency of income, having duration of diabetes ≥ 11 years, comorbidities ≥ 2 diseases, presence of diabetic retinopathy or diabetic nephropathy, use of insulin, and having abnormal fasting blood sugar level or abnormal hemoglobin A1c level.