Factors Predicting Anemia in the Cancer Patients Receiving Chemotherapy: A Systematic Review

Abstract

           The incidence of chemotherapy–induced anemia (CIA) is up to 60–90 percent. Anemia resulted in a decrease in patient’s quality of life and poor prognosis. This review aimed to synthesize the knowledge about predictive factors of anemia in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. The empirical evidence–based conclusion could lead to the development of nursing guidelines in cancer patient care. This systematic review searched for both local and international research databases published in full text papers, used logistic regression analysis and published from year 2010 to 2021.

          A total of 11 studies were recruited. The predictive factors for anemia in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy could be classified into three groups: 1) personal factors including age and gender, 2) health condition and pathological factors including stage of disease, baseline hemoglobin, abnormalities of white blood cell and platelet, chronic inflammation and body mass index and 3) treatment factors including chemotherapy regimen or type of chemotherapy, radiotherapy receiving, type of surgery and steroids use. It should be noted that some factors predicting anemia in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy were inconsistent and not yet conclusive.   

          Keywords: Factors predicting anemia, Cancer patients receiving chemotherapy