ความชุกของการเกิดภาวะสมองเสื่อมและปัจจัยที่ส่งผลต่อการเกิดภาวะสมองเสื่อม ในผู้สูงอายุที่มีกลุ่มอาการทางเมตาบอลิก ที่เข้ารับบริการในคลินิก ผู้สูงอายุโรงพยาบาลระยอง ระหว่าง พ.ศ. 2566-2567

Kanuengnid   Patee

Authors

Kanuengnid Patee Rayong hospital

Keywords:

Dementia, Metabolic Syndrome, Aged

Abstract

Objective: To determine the prevalence of dementia and to identify factors associated with dementia among older adults with Metabolic Syndrome who attended the Geriatric Clinic at Rayong Hospital.

Methods: This retrospective study included older adults diagnosed with Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) who were screened between January 1^st, 2023, and December 31^st, 2024, and received care at the Geriatric Clinic of Rayong Hospital or affiliated primary care units in Rayong Province. A total of 286 participants were enrolled. Data were collected using structured interviews, including demographic information, health status, and cognitive assessment using the Thai Mental State Examination (TMSE). Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics were applied, including the Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test, Independent t-test, Mann–Whitney U test, and Multiple logistic regression analysis.

Results: Among the 286 older adults with Metabolic Syndrome, 59 cases (20.6%) were identified with dementia. Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the following factors were significantly associated with dementia: age >70 years (adjusted OR 4.10; 95% CI: 1.78–9.48; p-value<0.01), presence of cardiac arrhythmia (adjusted OR 7.78; 95% CI: 1.47–41.04; p-value=0.02), unintentional weight loss ≥3 kg within 3 months (adjusted OR 9.55; 95% CI: 1.77–51.58; p-value=0.01), fall risk (adjusted OR 2.42; 95% CI: 1.02–5.74; p-value=0.05), and osteoarthritis of the knee (adjusted OR 3.23; 95% CI: 1.41–7.44; p-value=0.01).

Conclusion: The prevalence of dementia among older adults with Metabolic Syndrome was 20.6%. Independent factors associated with dementia included age over 70 years, cardiac arrhythmia, weight loss ≥3 kg within 3 months, fall risk, and osteoarthritis of the knee. These findings highlight the importance of early cognitive screening in geriatric clinics, particularly among high-risk groups, together with integrated nutritional assessment, fall prevention strategies, and management of osteoarthritis as part of routine care.

Keywords: Dementia, Metabolic Syndrome, Aged

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